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Grammar detail: までに

までに  by, by the time, before
160 words
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time / date expression / event
+
までに
means
by ~; by the time ~; before ~
じゅういち
11
までにやりなさい
Do it by 11 o'clock.
The time / date expression does not have to be a literal time - it can refer to the time something happens.
とう
さん
までにします
I'll do it by the time Dad is due to leave.

verb plain (A) + までに (B) ~ to express 'before'

までに can be used to emphasize the significance of doing B before a A, or B occurring before A.
しかし
ばしょ
場所
その
とし
ちがいますから
までにしらべましょう
However, the timing can depend on the year and the place, so be sure to check before you go.
あした
明日
まで
あめ
めば
いい
おも
います

I wish it would stop raining before tomorrow.
It may also be used to place emphasis on B (the thing that occurred) before A.
In this first example below, emphasis is on 'the long interval'. In the second example, the speaker or writer is emphasizing that it 'didn't take a long time'.
かれ
こた
える
まで
なが
あいだ
あった
There was a long interval before he answered.
らせ
まで
なが
かからなかった
It was not long before the news came.
Note: まで is often used with a location to mean 'as far as' or just 'to', and it may sometimes be combined with the location marker に, so you may see the expression までに in other contexts.
だいがく
大学
までにいっしょに
きます

I'll go as far as the university with you.
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Kanji used in this grammar

ジ   とき time, occasion   
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フ   ちち father   
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シュツ   スイ   だ to take out, to put out   で to go out, to exit   
ジョウ   ば place   
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ショ   ところ place   
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ネン   とし year   
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コウ   ギョウ   アン   ゆ    い to go   おこな to take place   
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メイ   ミョウ   あかり light   あかるい bright   あかるむ to brighten   あからむ to become luminous (at dawn)   あきらか obvious   あかす to lay bare   あ to open   あける to empty   
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ニチ   ジツ   sun; day   ひ    -か    
ウ   あめ    あま- rain   
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シ   とめる to stop   とまる to stop   
シ   おも to think   
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ヒ   かれ he   
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トウ   こた an answer   こたえる to answer   
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チョウ   なが long   
カン   ケン   あいだ interval, between   ま space, room   
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チ   し to know   
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ライ   く to come   きた to be forthcoming   きた to induce   
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ダイ   タイ   おおきい big   おおいに very much   おお-    
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ガク   まな to learn   
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