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Grammar detail: い adjectives past forms

い adjectives past forms
168 words
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い adjectives - past form

replace the い
from an
い adjective
with
かった
あつ
暑
い (hot)
あつ
暑
かった (was hot)
さむ
寒
い (cold)
さむ
寒
かった (was cold)
たの
楽
しい (fun)
たの
楽
しかった (was fun)
くら
暗
い (dark)
くら
暗
かった (was dark)
きのう
昨日
は
あつ
暑
かった
。
It was hot yesterday.
けさ
今朝
はとても
さむ
寒
かった
。
It was very cold this morning.
とても
たの
楽
しかった
です。
It was a lot of fun.
へや
部屋
の
なか
中
は
くら
暗
かった
。
It was dark in the room.
い adjectives - past negative form
There are two ways to approach structuring the past negative of an い adjective.
  • The first way:
    replace the い
    from an
    い adjective
    with
    くなかった
さむ
寒
い (cold)
さむ
寒
くなかった (was not cold)
たか
高
い (cold)
たか
高
くなかった (was not expensive, was not tall)
  • The second way:
    replace the い
    from the
    ない form
    with
    かった
さむ
寒
くない (not cold)
さむ
寒
くなかった (was not cold)
たか
高
くない (not expensive, tall)
たか
高
くなかった (was not expensive, was not tall)
きのう
昨日
はあまり
さむ
寒
くなかった
。
It was not very cold yesterday.
それは
たか
高
くなかった
。
It wasn't expensive.
わたし
私
は
きのう
昨日
いそが
忙
しくなかった
。
I wasn't busy yesterday.
その
みせ
店
は
おお
大
きくなかった
ですね。
The store was not a big one, was it?
いい (good) the exception
Whenever conjugating いい (good), it follows a different rule. Originally いい was よい, and that form is still how it is read when written with its kanji (良い). It is conjugated as follows:
いいgood
よかったwas good
よくなかったwas not good
あか
赤
い
ギターの
おと
音
が
よ
良
かった
。
The red guitar sounded good.
あさ
朝
てんき
天気
はよくなかったですね。
The weather wasn't good this morning, was it?
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Kanji used in this grammar

暑
ショ   あつい hot (weather)   
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寒
カン   さむい cold   
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楽
ガク   ラク    music   たのしい happy, pleasant   たのしむ to be happy   
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暗
アン   くらい dark   
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高
コウ   expensive; high   たか    たかい expensive, tall, high   たかまる to be elevated   たかめる to promote, heighten   
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良
リョウ   よい good   
昨
サク    yesterday   
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日
ニチ   ジツ   sun; day   ひ    -か    
今
コン   キン   いま now   
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朝
チョウ   あさ morning   
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部
ブ   part
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屋
オク   や roof   
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中
チュウ   ジュウ   なか middle   
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私
シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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忙
ボウ   いそがしい busy   
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店
テン   みせ shop   
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大
ダイ   タイ   おおきい big   おおいに very much   おお-    
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赤
セキ   シャク   あか    あかい red   あからむ to turn red   あからめる to blush   
音
オン   イン   sound   おと    ね    
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天
テン   あめ    あま- heaven   
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気
キ   ケ    spirit   
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