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Grammar detail: ことに

ことに
do; happen; provide emphasis; differ
179 words
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ことに may be encountered as part of several different grammatical forms.
Most commonly, it is used as part of ことにする (to do) and ことになる (to happen).
わたし
私
は
まいあさ
毎朝
さんぽ
散歩
する
ことにしている。
I make it a rule to take a walk every morning.
5
じ
時
に
えき
駅
で
あ
会
う
ことになっている。
I am to meet him at five at the station.
ことに can also be used as a set phrase to provide emphasis. Most commonly it follows a plain form expression.
おどろ
驚
いたことに is a standard expression meaning 'to my surprise', and ありがたいことに is a standard expression meaning 'thankfully'. However, ことに can be used to follow almost any plain form phrase to emphasize the situation or state that it follows.
うれ
嬉
しい
ことに
らいげつ
来月
から、
きゅうりょう
給料
が
ひとつ
一
わ
割
り
ほど
あ
上
がる
。
I'm delighted that my salary is going up by ten percent next month.
ことに can also be used on its own to begin a clause. In this case, it means 'especially', and is interchangeable with the more common とくに.
ことに
ことし
今年
のような
さむ
寒
さ
の
きび
厳
しい
ふゆ
冬
はいくら
ちゅうい
注意
しても
しすぎるということはない。
Especially with this year's kind of extreme cold, it's not possible to be too careful.
Another very common pattern is こと as a nominalizer of the prior phrase followed by any verb which takes an object with に, of which there are many, such as 〜に
どうい
同意
する, 〜に
はんたい
反対
, 〜に
な
慣
れる etc.
あなたが
ひとり
一人
で
い
行
く
ことに
どうい
同意
できない。
I cannot consent to your going alone.
かのじょ
彼女
は
すわ
座
る
ことに
な
慣
れている
。
She is accustomed to sitting.
はは
母
は
わたし
私
がアルバイトをすることに
はんたい
反対
だ。
My mother objected to my working part time.
そこへ
い
行
く
ことには
はんたい
反対
だ。
I object to going there.
Finally, ことに may be found as part of the phrase
こと
異
にする which means to differ from. However, in this expression, こと is usually written with kanji.
かれら
彼等
は
いけん
意見
を
こと
異
に
するのに、
あいか
相変
わらず
なか
仲
が
よ
良
い
。
While they don't agree, they continue to be friends.
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Kanji used in this grammar

驚
キョウ   surprised   おどろく to be surprised   おどろかす to surprise, to frighten   
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同
ドウ   おなじ same   
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意
イ    idea   
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反
ハン   ホン   タン    anti-   そらす to bend, to warp   そる to be warped, curved   
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対
タイ   ツイ    vis-a-vis   
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慣
カン   なれる to get used to   ならす to tame   
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異
イ   こと different   
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私
シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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毎
マイ   every, each
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朝
チョウ   あさ morning   
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散
サン   ちらす to scatter, to distribute   ちらかす to scatter around   ちらかる to be in disorder   ちる to fall (leaves etc)   
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歩
ホ   フ   ブ   あるく    あゆむ to walk   
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時
ジ   とき time, occasion   
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駅
エキ    station   
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会
カイ   エ   あう to meet   
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嬉
キ   うれしい happy   
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来
ライ   くる to come   きたる to be forthcoming   きたす to induce   
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月
ガツ   ゲツ   つき month; moon   
給
キュウ    supply   
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料
リョウ    fee   
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一
イチ   イツ   ひとつ    ひと- one   
割
カツ   わる to separate, to divide   われる to split apart, to crack   わり proportion, 10%   さく to cut up   
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上
ジョウ   ショウ   うえ above   うわ- above   あげる to raise   あがる to rise   かみ first half, upper part   のぼる to climb   のぼせる to bring up, to raise   のぼす to bring up   
今
コン   キン   いま now   
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年
ネン   とし year   
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寒
カン   さむい cold   
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厳
ゲン   ゴン   きびしい severe   おごそか dignified, stately   
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冬
トウ   ふゆ winter   
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注
チュウ   そそぐ to pour   
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人
ジン   ニン   ひと person   
行
コウ   ギョウ   アン   ゆく    いく to go   おこなう to take place   
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彼
ヒ   かれ he   
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女
ジョ   ニョ   ニョウ   woman; female   おんな woman   め woman   
座
ザ   すわる to sit   
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母
ボ   はは mother   
等
トウ   ひとしい equal, similar   
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見
ケン   みる to see   みえる to be seen; to appear   みせる to show   
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相
ソウ   ショウ    minister   あい- mutual   
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変
ヘン   unusual   かえる to alter, change   かわる to change   
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仲
チュウ   なか friend; go-between   
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良
リョウ   よい good   
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