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Grammar detail: honorific prefixes ご and お
honorific prefixes ご and お
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In polite speech, it is common to make nouns more polite by prefixing them with お or ご.
お is added to words which are read with
くんよ
訓読
み, ie the native Japanese readings of any kanji used:| お みず 水 | water |
| お かね 金 | money |
| お かし 菓子 | sweets / candy |
| お くすり 薬 | medicine |
| お さかな 魚 | fish |
| お たまご 卵 | egg |
| お てがみ 手紙 | letter |
| お にぎ 握 り | onigiri (triangular seaweed-wrapped rice balls) |
お is also used in various standard expressions even though the readings are not standard
くんよ
訓読
み:| お ちゃ 茶 | tea |
| お だいじ 大事 に | get well |
| お とう 父 さん | father |
| お かあ 母 さん | mother |
| お ねえ 姉 さん | older sister |
| お にい 兄 さん | older brother |
| お じかん 時間 | (your) time |
| お へんじ 返事 | reply |
ご is added to words read with
おんよ
音読
み:| ご かぞく 家族 | family |
| ご きょうりょく 協力 | cooperation |
| ご ほん 本 | book |
| ご はん 飯 | rice |
| ご ようじん 用心 | care / attention |
| ご れんらく 連絡 | contact |
| ご かくにん 確認 | confirmation |
| ご しつもん 質問 | question |
Note that both ご and お are sometimes written in kanji as 御, in which case the reading must be inferred.
See also:
More information / references
- http://dora0.blog115.fc2.com/blog-entry-53.html ⇗
Kanji used in this grammar
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