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Grammar detail: だ

だ
'to be' - is, am, are
110 words
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noun
な adjective
+
だ
means
is/am/are
だ is the plain form of です. Like です, it is placed at the end of a sentence.
だ is a casual form used in informal situations (with friends, family, people the same age).
わたし
私
は
がくせい
学生
だ。
I am a student.
あれは
かれ
彼
の
いえ
家
だ。
That is his house.
このバラはとてもきれいだ。
This rose is very beautiful.
No だ after い-adjectives
だ should never be placed after い-adjectives.
Correct: この
いぬ
犬
は
おお
大
きい。
This dog is big
Incorrect:この
いぬ
犬
は
おお
大
きいだ。
 
じゃない - am not/is not/are not
じゃない is the negative equivalent of だ.
It can be used after nouns and な adjectives, however it cannot be used after い-adjectives.
わたし
私
は
がくせい
学生
じゃない。
I'm not a student.
これは
た
食
べ
もの
物
じゃない
This is not food.
このテーブルはきれいじゃない。
This table isn't clean.
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Kanji used in this grammar

犬
ケン   いぬ dog   
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大
ダイ   タイ   おおきい big   おおいに very much   おお-    
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私
シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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学
ガク   まなぶ to learn   
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生
セイ   ショウ    life   なま raw   いかす to enliven   いきる to live   いける to arrange flowers   うまれる to be born   うむ to give birth to   き pure, undiluted   おう to grow, to sprout   はえる to grow, to sprout   はやす to grow, cultivate   
彼
ヒ   かれ he   
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家
カ   ケ   house   いえ    や    
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食
ショク   ジキ    food   たべる to eat   くう to eat   
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物
ブツ   モツ   もの thing   
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