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Grammar detail: verb + かける

verb + かける
start doing
143 words
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verb stem
+
かける
means
start doing ~
The かける form of a verb typically implies that something is left half done, not finished - in contrast to the 〜はじめる and 〜だす forms, which are focused on the act of getting started.
かれ
彼
はその
しごと
仕事
に
あ
飽
きて
、やりかけたままでほっておいた。
He got tired of the work, and left it half-done.
お
ふろ
風呂
に
はい
入
りかけた
ときに
でんわ
電話
が
な
鳴
った
。
I had just got into the bath when the phone rang.
ホーキングは、
ふたた
再
び
、ほとんどあきらめかけてしまった。
Again, Hawking was almost ready to give up.
The かける form can also be used as an adjective - the stem かけ is followed by の:
た
食
べかけ
の
しょくじ
食事
はテーブルの
うえ
上
に
お
置
いてあった
。
The half-finished food was left out on the table.
The かける form is based on the verb 掛ける, but in modern Japanese it is more common to use kana.
かける can also be added to various verbs to imply the idea of 'setting out to do' or 'taking on the challenge of' etc, which can create a more forceful effect. For example, 話しかける means 'talk to', but implies that someone is 'setting out to talk' (to someone) or 'launching into a conversation' with etc.
えいこくじん
英国人
は
れっしゃ
列車
の
なか
中
では
みし
見知
らぬ
ひと
人
に
はな
話
しかける
ことはめったにない。
Englishmen rarely talk to strangers in the train.
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Kanji used in this grammar

掛
hanging   かかる to be hanging, to cost, to take   かける to hang up, to spend, to multiply   -がかり person in charge   
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話
ワ   はなす to talk   はなし talking   
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彼
ヒ   かれ he   
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仕
シ   ジ   つかえる to attend to   
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事
ジ   ズ   こと thing; matter   
飽
ホウ   あきる to grow weary of   あかす to feed up; to bore, surfeit   
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風
フ   フウ   かぜ wind   かざ-    
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呂
リョ   ロ    spine   
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入
ニュウ   いる to enter   はいる to enter   いれる to put in   
電
デン    electricity   
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鳴
メイ   なく to chirp, to twitter   なる to sound, to ring   ならす to make ring   
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再
サイ   サ   ふたたび again   
食
ショク   ジキ    food   たべる to eat   くう to eat   
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上
ジョウ   ショウ   うえ above   うわ- above   あげる to raise   あがる to rise   かみ first half, upper part   のぼる to climb   のぼせる to bring up, to raise   のぼす to bring up   
置
チ   おく to put   
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英
エイ    England; hero; flower   
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国
コク   くに country   
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人
ジン   ニン   ひと person   
列
レツ    row   
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車
シャ   くるま car   
中
チュウ   ジュウ   なか middle   
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見
ケン   みる to see   みえる to be seen; to appear   みせる to show   
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知
チ   しる to know   
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