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Grammar detail: い adjectives past forms

い adjectives past forms
168 words
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い adjectives - past form

replace the
from an
い adjective
with
かった
あつ
(hot)
あつ
かった (was hot)
さむ
(cold)
さむ
かった (was cold)
たの
(fun)
たの
かった (was fun)
くら
(dark)
くら
かった (was dark)
きのう
昨日
あつ
かった

It was hot yesterday.
けさ
今朝
とても
さむ
かった

It was very cold this morning.
とても
たの
しかった
です
It was a lot of fun.
へや
部屋
なか
くら
かった

It was dark in the room.
い adjectives - past negative form
There are two ways to approach structuring the past negative of an い adjective.
  • The first way:
    replace the
    from an
    い adjective
    with
    くなかった
さむ
(cold)
さむ
くなかった (was not cold)
たか
(cold)
たか
くなかった (was not expensive, was not tall)
  • The second way:
    replace the
    from the
    form
    with
    かった
さむ
くな (not cold)
さむ
くなかった (was not cold)
たか
くな (not expensive, tall)
たか
くなかった (was not expensive, was not tall)
きのう
昨日
あまり
さむ
くなかった

It was not very cold yesterday.
それ
たか
くなかった

It wasn't expensive.
わたし
きのう
昨日
いそが
しくなかった

I wasn't busy yesterday.
その
みせ
おお
きくなかった
です
The store was not a big one, was it?
いい (good) the exception
Whenever conjugating いい (good), it follows a different rule. Originally いい was よい, and that form is still how it is read when written with its kanji (良い). It is conjugated as follows:
いいgood
よかったwas good
よくなかったwas not good
あか
ギター
おと
かった

The red guitar sounded good.
あさ
てんき
天気
よくなかったです
The weather wasn't good this morning, was it?
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Kanji used in this grammar

ショ   あつ hot (weather)   
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カン   さむ cold   
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ガク   ラク    music   たのしい happy, pleasant   たのしむ to be happy   
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アン   くら dark   
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コウ   expensive; high   たか    たか expensive, tall, high   たかまる to be elevated   たかめる to promote, heighten   
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リョウ   よ good   
サク    yesterday   
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ニチ   ジツ   sun; day   ひ    -か    
コン   キン   いま now   
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チョウ   あさ morning   
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ブ   part
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オク   や roof   
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チュウ   ジュウ   なか middle   
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シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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ボウ   いそがしい busy   
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テン   みせ shop   
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ダイ   タイ   おおきい big   おおいに very much   おお-    
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セキ   シャク   あか    あか red   あからむ to turn red   あからめる to blush   
オン   イン   sound   おと    ね    
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テン   あめ    あま- heaven   
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キ   ケ    spirit   
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