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Grammar detail: verb て form + しまう

verb て form + しまう  complete; accidentally do; end up doing
94 words
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verb て form
+
しまう
has two related but slightly different meanings.
The first is to 'complete' or 'bring to a close' something, with an implication that some determination or effort was required. For example:
わたし
もう
さくぶん
作文
いてしまっている

Now I have my composition written.
ほん
んでしまいました

I finished reading my book.
The second is to refer to a situation where something unfortunate or regrettable happened, often by accident. For example:
ほん
うしな
ってしまいました

I lost my book.
In casual speech, てしまう and its inflected forms are often contracted:
  • てしまう becomes ちゃう
  • でしまう to じゃう
  • the past form てしまった becomes ちゃった
  • the past form でしまった becomes じゃった
ほん
うしな
っちゃった

I lost my book.
ごめんもう
んじゃった

I'm sorry! I already drank it.
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Kanji used in this grammar

シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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サク   サ   つく to make   
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ブン   モン    literature   ふみ a letter   
ショ   か to write   
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ホン   book   もと origin   
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ドク   トク   トウ   よ to read   
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シツ   うしな to lose   
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イン   の to drink   
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