Components

Grammar detail: 中(ちゅう, じゅう, なか)

中(ちゅう, じゅう, なか)  throughout; while; out of; during etc.
187 words
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中 is a versatile character that can be used in several ways.
On its own, 中 is typically read なか, and means 'inside'. For example:
へや
部屋
なか
inside the room
なか can also be used more metaphorically to refer to being in the midst of a specific situation or set of circumstances:
あめ
なか
while it's raining; in the rain
いそが
しい
なか
when you are so busy
中 is commonly appended to other nouns, and used to convey the idea of 'throughout' or 'all over'. In this form, it is typically read じゅう. For example:
いちねんじゅう
一年中
throughout the year, all year round
いちにちじゅう
一日中
all day long, throughout the day
へやじゅう
部屋中
all over the room, throughout the room
Note that some time expressions suggest the idea of duration automatically - for example, 一時間 means 'for one hour'.
中 can also be used to indicate that something is in progress. In this situation, it is usually read as ちゅう.
りょこうちゅう
旅行中
on a trip
じゅんびちゅう
準備中
preparations underway
中 can be used to illustrate a part of a whole. For example:
ろくにん
6人
ちゅう
ごにん
5人
いしゃ
医者
five out of six doctors
Some examples:
やす
ちゅう
うみ
ったり
ワイン
んだり
ほん
んだり
したいです
During the break I want to go to the beach, drink wine and read books.
いちにちじゅう
一日中
あめ
ふったりやんだりしていた
It rained on and off all day long.
ごぜんちゅう
午前中
んではいけません

You're not allowed to drink during the morning.
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Kanji used in this grammar

チュウ   ジュウ   なか middle   
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ブ   part
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オク   や roof   
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ウ   あめ    あま- rain   
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ボウ   いそがしい busy   
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イチ   イツ   ひと    ひと- one   
ネン   とし year   
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ニチ   ジツ   sun; day   ひ    -か    
ジ   とき time, occasion   
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カン   ケン   あいだ interval, between   ま space, room   
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リョ   たび trip   
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コウ   ギョウ   アン   ゆ    い to go   おこな to take place   
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ジュン    semi-, quasi-   
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ビ   そなえる to prepare, to provide for   そなわる to be furnished with   
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ジン   ニン   ひと person   
イ    doctor   
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シャ   もの person, someone   
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キュウ   やす to rest   やすまる to be rested   やすめる to suspend (use etc.)   
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カイ   うみ ocean   
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イン   の to drink   
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ホン   book   もと origin   
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ドク   トク   トウ   よ to read   
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ゴ    noon   
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ゼン   まえ before   
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