Components
MY AVERAGE MASTERY
(for words visible)
89 partial word matches found in search '福祉予算を犠牲にして打ち上げられた人工衛星は、正常に動作しなかった。'
2 0
noun, noun or verb acting prenominally
welfare; well-being; social welfare; social security; social service
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2
noun
good fortune
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0 1
estimate; budget
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0
Most common form:
noun, suffix
1. over; more than  (see also: 以上; also written as 餘)
2. formal or oratory first person pronoun; I  (archaic)
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3
noun
1. divining sticks
2. counting; calculation
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0
particle
1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
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0
noun
victim; sacrifice; scapegoat
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2
noun
1. offering (to the gods, emperor, etc.)  (archaic)
2. gift
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particle
1. at (place, time); in; on; during
2. to (direction, state); toward; into
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expression
1. only; just because
2. although; even
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1
Most common form:
numeric
two  (ふ and ふう used mainly when counting aloud. 弐, 貳 and 貮 are used in legal documents.)
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0
Most common form: 西
noun
west
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1
Most common form: 二死
noun
two out; two down (and one to go)  (baseball term)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. load; baggage; cargo; freight; goods
2. burden; responsibility
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1
Most common form:
noun
red earth (i.e. containing cinnabar or minium); vermilion
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particle, conjunction
(at the end of a phrase) notes one (of several) reasons
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0 2
noun
1. doer; performer
2. protagonist (in noh or kyogen); hero; leading part; main character  (often written with kana only)
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particle
1. by (indicating means of action); as (a group, etc.)  (see also: からして, として, にして, 為る)
2. indicates patient of a causative expression  (as 〜をして in modern Japanese)
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1
Most common form:
numeric
four  (肆 is used in legal documents)
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. death; decease
2. death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation)  (see also: 五刑; archaic)
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0
Most common form:
noun
poem; verse of poetry
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
city
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1
Most common form:
noun (suffix), noun
history
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Most common form:
noun (suffix), counter
magazine  (see also: 雑誌; abbreviation)
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1
Most common form:
noun
official; civil service
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auxiliary
indicates continuing action  (see also: ; で after certain verb forms)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. hand; arm  (see also: お手; occ. pronounced た when a prefix)
2. forepaw; foreleg  (see also: お手; colloquialism)
(click the word to view an additional 11 meanings and 1 form, useful expressions, examples and links)
Most common form: って
particle
1. casual quoting particle  (see also: ; abbr. for と, というのは and other similar combinations)
2. indicates supposition; if ... then
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1
noun
hitting a ball; batting; stroke  (sports term)
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1
Most common form: ダース
Ateji (phonetic) reading
noun
dozen  (abbreviation; often written with kana only; originally from eng 'doz')
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0
Most common form:
noun
blood; consanguinity
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Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. earth; ground; land; soil
2. place
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0 2
noun, 'no' adjective, adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi), noun (suffix)
1. above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter)
2. top; summit
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0
noun, noun (suffix)
1. tuck (e.g. in a dress)  (see also: 縫い揚げ)
noun
2. rise (e.g. in price)  (opposite: 下げ; this meaning is restricted to form 上げ)
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noun, prefix
upper; upward; outer; surface; top
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1
noun (suffix)
1. from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of
2. aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above
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1
noun
1. upper reaches (of a river); upper stream  (opposite: )
2. top; upper part; upper half (of the body)
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Most common form:
suffix
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of  (often written with kana only)
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0
Most common form:
interjection (kandoushi)
exclamation of surprised disappointment, disgust, or worry (yuck, ick, ack, eeew, crap!, blech, gross)
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0
Most common form: ゲラ
noun
1. galley; tray used for printing
2. galley proof  (see also: ゲラ刷り; abbreviation)
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Most common form:
suffix
1. and others; and the like; and followers; et al.; pluralizing suffix  (often written with kana only)
2. or so  (see also: あちら, いくら; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; often written with kana only)
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auxiliary verb
1. indicate past completed or action  (see also: ; だ after certain verb forms)
2. indicates light imperative  (see also: )
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1
Most common form:
adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi), noun, 'no' adjective
other (esp. people and abstract matters)
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1
Most common form:
noun, prefix
multi-
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0
noun
1. man; person
2. human being; mankind; people
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0
artificial; man-made; human work; human skill; artificiality  (opposite: 天然)
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5
noun
man-made satellite
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0
suffix
1. -ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); indicates nationality, race, origin, etc.
2. -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; indicates expertise (in a certain field)
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1. counter for people
noun
2. person  (usu. in compound words; this meaning is restricted to reading にん)
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suffix
person
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1
noun (suffix)
(factory) worker
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Most common form:
1. workman; artisan; mechanic; carpenter
2. craft; skill
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0
satellite
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0
noun
1. star; any light-emitting (or reflecting) heavenly body (except for the sun and the moon)
2. offender; perpetrator  (esp. ホシ; slang)
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noun
1. Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)  (see also: 星宿, 二十八宿, 朱雀; astronomy, etc. term)
noun, noun (suffix), noun (prefix)
2. Singapore
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particle
1. topic marker particle  (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
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1
Most common form:
noun
tooth
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0
Most common form:
noun
leaf
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
clique; faction; school
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. edge (of a knife or sword)
2. prong (of an electrical plug)
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1 0
Most common form: はあ
interjection (kandoushi)
1. yes; indeed; well
2. ha!
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0
normalcy; normality; normal  (opposite: 異常)
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1
Most common form: せい
1. (logical) true; regular
numeric
2. 10^40; ten thousand undecillion
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1
exact; precise  (see also: 正に; archaic)
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noun, noun (prefix)
1. greater (of equal court ranks); upper; senior  (see also: )
2. director (highest of the four administrative positions of the ritsuryo period); chief  (see also: 長官; this meaning is restricted to reading しょう)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 1 meaning, examples and links)
1
always; constantly
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1
usual state of things
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prefix
constant; unchanging; eternal
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1
Most common form: ただ
1. ordinary; common; usual  (often written with kana only)
2. free of charge  (only 只; often written with kana only)
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0
Most common form: 永久
1. eternity; perpetuity; immortality  (とわ tends to be more abstract)
2. Eikyuu era (1113.7.13-1118.4.3)
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1
action; movements; motions; bearing; behaviour; behavior; execution; actuation; operation; manners
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noun
motion; change; confusion
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0 2 1
noun, noun (suffix)
1. work (e.g. of art); production  (see also: 作品)
noun
2. harvest; cultivation; farming; crop; yield
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1
noun
China  (see also: 中国; often considered offensive post-WWII, esp. when written in kanji; sensitive; often written with kana only)
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suffix
having just started...  (after the -masu stem of a verb)
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0
Most common form:
noun
1. article; item; thing; goods; stock  (esp. 品)
2. quality
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particle
1. (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis
2. (used with masu stem verb) command  (from なさい; abbreviation)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. inside; in
2. among; within
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0
Most common form:
noun
1. name; given name
2. title
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1
noun
relation; relationship
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. greens; vegetables
2. rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
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particle
1. indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)  (was written as 歟, used at sentence-end)
2. or; whether or not  (after each alternative)
(click the word to view an additional 5 meanings, examples and links)
0
Most common form:
noun
mosquito
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
passable; acceptable; tolerable; fair
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. lesson
2. section (in an organization); division; department
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
1
Most common form:
noun
1. addition; increase
2. Canada  (see also: 加奈陀; abbreviation)
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Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. department; section; faculty; school; arm
2. course (of study); branch of study; specialization
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Most common form:
noun
rack; mount; stand
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Most common form: かッ
prefix
very  (see also: 掻き; adds strength or emphasis to verbs, from 掻き)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
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