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Grammar detail: verb なくて form + はいけません

verb なくて form + はいけません
have to do
119 words
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verb なくて form
+
はいけません
means
to have to do something
This form expresses obligation.

Forming なくてはいけません

The なくて form of a verb is based on the plain negative without the い.
Use the verb negative plain form
ない
replace the い
from the
ない form
with
くて
+
いけません
negative plain formなくて form
しない (do not do)しなくて
い
行
かない (do not go)
い
行
かなくて
よ
読
まない (do not read)
よ
読
まなくて
Note that although this is based on the negative form in Japanese, the meaning in English is that you must do something.
The plain form is 〜なくてはいけない, and the more informal version is 〜なくちゃいけない.
Since the は is based on the particle は, it is read 'wa'.
それは
じぶん
自分
でしなくてはいけない。
You must do it yourself.
いちがつ
一月
までにこの
ほん
本
を
よ
読
まなくてはいけない
。
We have to read this book by (the start of) January.
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Kanji used in this grammar

行
コウ   ギョウ   アン   ゆく    いく to go   おこなう to take place   
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読
ドク   トク   トウ   よむ to read   
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自
ジ   シ   みずから self   
分
ブン   ブ   フン   わける to divide, to distinguish   わかる to understand   わかれる to be divided   わかつ to share, distribute   
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一
イチ   イツ   ひとつ    ひと- one   
月
ガツ   ゲツ   つき month; moon   
本
ホン   book   もと origin   
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