Components

Grammar detail: お〜する、お〜ください、お〜できる、お〜になる

お〜する、お〜ください、お〜できる、お〜になる  affirmative humble
161 words
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The affirmative humble form (often simply referred to as 'humble verb form') is a polite verb form. It is created by combining お with the verb's stem, and adding an additional verb or other form at the end. The new expression has the same meaning as the original expression, but is considered a 'humble' expression. This form is commonly encountered in interactions in hotels and stores etc.
The most common form is お〜する, for example:
とうてん
当店
パイ
よる
うち
げて
つぎ
しする
です
All our pies are baked fresh during the night for your dining pleasure the next day.
For extra politeness, いたす can be used instead of する.
いちにち
一日
はや
かいふく
回復
りいたします
useful
I pray you get better as fast as possible (literally: even a day faster).
Another common form is お〜下さい as a polite request:
はい
りください
useful
Come right in.
... or お〜できる as a request framed as a question:
あした
明日
でき
出来
ます

May I see you tomorrow?
Another form often seen in official notices is お〜になる:
100ml(g)
える
えきたいぶつ
液体物
スーツケースなど
あず
けになる
てにもつ
手荷物
れてください

If you have more than 100 ml (100 grams) of liquid, please put it in your suitcase or in checked baggage.
This form is also the basis of the standard expression お待たせしました. In this case, the 待たせ is the stem of 待たせる, which is the causative of 待つ = to make wait.
たせ
しました useful
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
... and the even more common expression お願いします (from
ねが
う):
にく
ねが
いします

I'd like meat, please.
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Kanji used in this grammar

カ   ゲ   した below, under   しも bottom part   もと under (influence)   さげる to lower, to reduce   さがる to be lowered   くだ to descend   くだ to judge   くださる to give   おろす to drop off (passenger)   おりる to get off (train)   
タイ   ま to wait   
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ガン   ねが to request, to petition   
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トウ   あてる    あたる to hit   
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テン   みせ shop   
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ヤ   よる    よ night   
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ショウ   や to roast, bake, burn   やける to be burnt   
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ジョウ   ショウ   うえ above   うわ- above   あげる to raise   あがる to rise   かみ first half, upper part   のぼ to climb   のぼせる to bring up, to raise   のぼ to bring up   
ジ   シ   つぎ next   つ to come after   
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ニチ   ジツ   sun; day   ひ    -か    
シュツ   スイ   だ to take out, to put out   で to go out, to exit   
リツ   リュウ   た to stand   たてる to build   
イチ   イツ   ひと    ひと- one   
ソウ   サッ   early; fast   はや early   はやまる be hasty   はやめる to expedite, to hasten   
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カイ   エ   まわ to revolve   まわ to make turn   
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フク    return, be restored   
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キ   いの to pray   
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ニュウ   い to enter   はい to enter   いれる to put in   
メイ   ミョウ   あかり light   あかるい bright   あかるむ to brighten   あからむ to become luminous (at dawn)   あきらか obvious   あかす to lay bare   あ to open   あける to empty   
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カイ   エ   あ to meet   
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ライ   く to come   きた to be forthcoming   きた to induce   
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チョウ   こ    こえる to exceed   
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エキ    fluid   
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タイ   テイ   からだ body   
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ブツ   モツ   もの thing   
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ヨ   あずける to deposit   あずかる to receive on deposit   
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シュ   hand   て    た-    
カ   に baggage   
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ニク   meat
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