Components

Grammar detail: use a verb as an adjective

use a verb as an adjective
105 words
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Plain forms of verbs can be used as adjectives: they are placed immediately before the noun they modify.
present
じぶん
自分
ひとり
一人
きられる
ひと
いない
No man can live for himself.
present progressive
あそこ
っている
ひと
わたし
ちち
です
The man who is standing there is my father.
negative
がくせい
学生
じゃない
ひと
がっこう
学校
はい
ってはいけません

People who are not students must not enter the school.
past
ゆうじん
友人
かいがい
海外
ってきた
にんぎょう
人形
ぜんぶ
全部
せてくれた

A friend of mine showed me all the dolls he had bought abroad.
Since a clause almost always ends with a verb, this concept enables you to 'chain' clauses together to form very complex sentences. It is one of the most powerful and useful aspects of Japanese grammar, but it can also be one of the most difficult for learners. It leads to an extremely logical word order, with each concept neatly encapsulated by the ones that follow, but the resulting word order is often very difficult to the equivalent English.
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Kanji used in this grammar

ジ   シ   みずか self   
ブン   ブ   フン   わける to divide, to distinguish   わかる to understand   わかれる to be divided   わかつ to share, distribute   
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イチ   イツ   ひと    ひと- one   
ジン   ニン   ひと person   
セイ   ショウ    life   なま raw   いかす to enliven   いきる to live   いける to arrange flowers   うまれる to be born   う to give birth to   き pure, undiluted   お to grow, to sprout   はえる to grow, to sprout   はやす to grow, cultivate   
リツ   リュウ   た to stand   たてる to build   
シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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フ   ちち father   
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ガク   まな to learn   
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コウ    exam   
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ニュウ   い to enter   はい to enter   いれる to put in   
ユウ   とも friend   
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カイ   うみ ocean   
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ガイ   ゲ   そと outside   ほか other   はず to remove, mislead   はずれる to come off, to miss   
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バイ   か to buy   
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ケイ   ギョウ   shape   かたち    かた    
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ゼン   まった entirely   すべ everything   
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ブ   part
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ケン   み to see   みえる to be seen; to appear   みせる to show   
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