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Components
MY AVERAGE MASTERY
(for words visible)
45 partial word matches found in search '運転者は交通規則を守らねばならない。'
noun, 'suru' verb, 'no' adjective
1. operation (of a machine, etc.); operating; running; run2. driving
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
Most common form: くるり
1. turning around (once) (often written with kana only; onomatopoeic or mimetic word)
2. suddenly; abruptly
(click the word to view an additional 3 meanings, examples and links)
noun, suffix
someone of that nature; someone doing that work(click the word for examples and links)
particle
1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
noun, 'suru' verb
traffic; transportation; communication; exchange (of ideas, etc.); intercourse(click the word for examples and links)
'na' adjective, noun (suffix)
1. connoisseur; authority2. counter for letters, notes, documents, etc.
(click the word for examples and links)
particle
1. indicates direct object of action2. indicates subject of causative expression
(click the word to view an additional 4 meanings, examples and links)
Most common form: 等
suffix
1. and others; and the like; and followers; et al.; pluralizing suffix (often written with kana only)2. or so (see also: あちら, いくら; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
particle
1. indicates emphasis, agreement, request for confirmation, etc.; is it so (at sentence end)interjection (kandoushi)
2. hey; come on; listen(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 4 forms, examples and links)
particle
1. if ... then; when2. and (often ...も...ば...も...)
(click the word to view an additional 3 meanings, examples and links)
particle
1. (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis2. (used with masu stem verb) command (from なさい; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 3 forms, examples and links)
auxiliary
1. if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that (hypothetical form of the copula だ, from なり and sometimes classed as a particle)2. as for; on the topic of (this meaning is restricted to reading なら)
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, examples and links)
expression
1. cannot help (doing, etc.); cannot resist; cannot bear not to (usu. ...てならない or ...でならない)2. must not ...; should not ... (usu. ...てはならない or ...ではならない)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 3 forms, examples and links)
2. unpossessed; unowned; not had
(click the word to view an additional 4 meanings and 1 form, examples and links)
auxiliary adjective
1. not (verb-negating suffix, may indicate question or invitation with rising intonation)(click the word for useful expressions, examples and links)
Most common form: 偉
'na' adjective, noun
greatness(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
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