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verb causative passive (させられる) form - is made to happen
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The causative passive form of a verb means that something 'is made' to happen.
It is used to express being compelled to feel a certain way, or to do a certain thing. It can be used to describe both positive and negative experiences.
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Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
I was made to wait outside in the cold for a long time.(click the icon for English translation)
する Verbs
For any verb formed by adding する the causative passive is formed by simply changing する to させられる. For this reason this form is sometimes known as the させられる construction.
Wherever you see the green star,
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Wherever you see the green star,
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You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
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Dogs' faithfulness impresses us.(click the icon for English translation)
The Colloquial Form
The colloquial form of certain causative-passive verbs is common in spoken Japanese and casual forms of written text.
The colloquial form is not applied to all verbs. It is used, however, for most godan verbs.
In their causative-passive form, godan verbs end with せられる.
In the colloquial form, せられる is changed to される.
The table below demonstrates the formal causative-passive form and the colloquial form.
verb meaning
formal causative passive
colloquial causative
make buy
か
買
わせられる
か
買
わされる
make listen
き
聞
かせられる
き
聞
かされる
make wait
ま
待
たせられる
ま
待
たされる
make read
よ
読
ませられる
よ
読
まされる
The colloquial form is considered easier to say. It is encountered frequently in spoken Japanese and some first-language speakers may find the formal form strange. Either form is acceptable in spoken language and a range of text types. As a foreign-language speaker, becoming competent in using both forms when speaking can be quite challenging. Some language learners find it easier to stick to using the formal form. However, knowing the colloquial form is helpful for comprehension. For formal written Japanese, using the formal form is advisable.
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has a Kanshudo usefulness of , which means it is among the most useful kanji in Japanese.
is one of the 138 kana characters, denoted with a usefulness rating of K. The kana are the most useful characters in Japanese, and we recommend you thoroughly learn all kana before progressing to kanji.
All kanji in our system are rated from 1-8, where 1 is the most useful.
The 2136 Jōyō kanji have usefulness levels from 1 to 5, and are denoted with badges like this:
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The Kanshudo usefulness level shows you how useful a Japanese word is for you to learn.
has a Kanshudo usefulness level of , which means it is among the
most useful words in Japanese.
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are rated from 1-12, where 1 is the most useful.
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Kanshudo usefulness counts up from 1, whereas the JLPT counts down from 5 - so the first JLPT level, N5, is equivalent to Kanshudo usefulness level .
The JLPT vocabulary lists were compiled by Wikipedia and Tanos from past papers. Sometimes the form listed by the sources is not the most useful form. In case of doubt, we advise you to learn the Kanshudo recommended form. Words that appear in the JLPT lists in a different form are indicated with a lighter colored 'shadow' badge, like this: .
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Wherever you see the green star,
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Flashcards can be created for any kanji, word, grammar point or example sentence on Kanshudo.
