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Components
Grammar detail: verb causative form
My current mastery of this grammar:
The causative form of a verb means to make the verb happen.
For ichidan (る) verbs, the causative is formed by replacing the る with させる:
た 食 べる to eat ➜ た 食 べさせる make eat |
For godan (う) verbs, the causative is formed by replacing the last sound (containing the う) with the equivalent あ sound, and adding せる:
| う | か 買 う to buy ➜ か 買 わせる to make buy (note the use of わ) |
| く | き 聞 く to listen ➜ き 聞 かせる to make listen |
| す | はな 話 す to speak ➜ はな 話 させる to make speak |
| つ | ま 待 つ to wait ➜ ま 待 たせる to make wait |
| ぬ | し 死 ぬ to die ➜ し 死 なせる to make die |
| ふ | あそ 遊 ぶ to play ➜ あそ 遊 ばせる to make play |
| む | よ 読 む to read ➜ よ 読 ませる to make read |
| る | はじ 始 まる to begin ➜ はじ 始 まらせる to make begin |
The causative of 'wait',
ま
待
たせる, is the root of the expression お待たせしました, which is used to mean 'sorry for keeping you waiting', but literally actually only means 'I made you wait'.As usual する and くる are irregular, and their causatives are させる (make do) and こさせる (make come).
See also:
Kanji used in this grammar
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