Components
MY AVERAGE MASTERY
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120 partial word matches found in search '従業員の中には有給休暇を使いたがらないものもあるが、その理由の一つには、同僚や上役からの冷たい反応に対する恐れがある。'
3
noun
employee; worker
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0
employment
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prefix
lesser (of equal court ranks); lower; junior  (see also: ; archaic)
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1
subordinate; secondary; junior; incidental  (opposite: )
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noun, noun (prefix)
lesser (of equal court ranks); lower; junior  (see also: ; archaic)
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2
noun
deed; act; work; performance
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1
noun
karma (i.e. actions committed in a former life)  (see also: 果報; Buddhist term)
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1
noun, suffix
1. work; business; company; agency
2. study
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1
Most common form: いん
noun, noun (suffix)
member
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particle
1. indicates possessive  (see also: ; occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. plain; field
2. hidden (structural) member  (this meaning is restricted to reading の)
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1
noun
1. inside; in
2. among; within
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suffix
1. through; throughout; in the course of
2. all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
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1
noun, prefix, suffix
1. medium; average; middle  (see also: )
noun
2. moderation
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1
some (of them); among (them)
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noun
red dragon tile  (see also: 紅中; mahjong term; abbreviation)
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0 1
Most common form: うち
1. inside; within
2. while  (see also: ないうちに; also 裡; often written with kana only)
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particle
1. at (place, time); in; on; during
2. to (direction, state); toward; into
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particle
for (in regard to); in order to  (see also: , )
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1
Most common form:
numeric
two  (ふ and ふう used mainly when counting aloud. 弐, 貳 and 貮 are used in legal documents.)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. load; baggage; cargo; freight; goods
2. burden; responsibility
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1
Most common form:
noun
red earth (i.e. containing cinnabar or minium); vermilion
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particle
1. topic marker particle  (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
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1
Most common form:
noun
tooth
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0
Most common form:
noun
leaf
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
clique; faction; school
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. edge (of a knife or sword)
2. prong (of an electrical plug)
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1 0
Most common form: はあ
interjection (kandoushi)
1. yes; indeed; well
2. ha!
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1
noun
1. existence
noun, noun (prefix)
2. possession; having
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0
1. salaried; with pay  (opposite: 無給)
noun
2. vacation; (paid) holiday  (see also: 有給休暇; abbreviation)
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noun
bhava (becoming, existence)  (Buddhist term)
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5
noun
paid vacation; leave
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1
noun
wage; recompense  (obscure term)
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0
noun
holiday; day off; furlough; absence (from work)
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0
1. spare time; free time; leisure
noun
2. time (e.g. time it takes to do something)  (this meaning is restricted to reading ひま, ヒマ)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading, 4 meanings and 4 forms, examples and links)
0
particle
1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
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noun
1. messenger
2. police and judicial chief (Heian and Kamakura periods)  (see also: 検非違使; abbreviation)
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particle
strengthens a question, assertion, etc.  (see also: かい, ぞい, だい, わい; familiar language)
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0
Most common form:
noun
1. stomach
2. Chinese "stomach" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)  (see also: 胃宿, 白虎; astronomy, etc. term)
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Most common form:
noun
well
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
medicine; the healing art; healing; curing; doctor
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Most common form:
greatness
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Most common form:
counter
1. rank; place (e.g. first place)
2. decimal place
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auxiliary verb
1. indicate past completed or action  (see also: ; だ after certain verb forms)
2. indicates light imperative  (see also: )
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1
Most common form:
adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi), noun, 'no' adjective
other (esp. people and abstract matters)
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1
Most common form:
noun, prefix
multi-
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particle
1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
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noun
moth
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Most common form:
suffix
1. and others; and the like; and followers; et al.; pluralizing suffix  (often written with kana only)
2. or so  (see also: あちら, いくら; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
1
irregular 'ru' godan verb, intransitive verb
1. to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live  (see also: 居る; often written with kana only)
2. to have  (often written with kana only)
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a certain ...; some ...; one ...  (often written with kana only)
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1
Most common form:
interjection (kandoushi)
1. Ah!; Oh!; expression of surprise, recollection, etc.
2. Hey!; used to get someone's attention
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1. that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); the  (see also: 何の, 此の, 其れ, 彼の; often written with kana only)
interjection (kandoushi)
2. um...; er...; uh...
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; plantation  (see also: りんご園; えん usually when a suffix)
2. place; location  (see also: 学びの園)
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1
Most common form:
noun
ancestor; forefather; progenitor
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0
noun
reason; pretext; motive
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noun
1. reason; principle; logic
2. general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon)  (see also: ; Buddhist term)
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noun
reason; truth; way of things; justice  (see also: 道理)
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1
noun
1. reason; significance; cause
2. piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...  (this meaning is restricted to form 由)
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2
numeric
1. one
noun
2. for one thing  (often used in itemized lists)
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2
numeric, prefix
1. one  (see also: ワン; 1 can also be read ワン. 壱, 弌 and 壹 are used in legal documents)
2. best
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1
prefix
1. one  (see also: ; esp. ひと)
numeric
2. one  (when counting aloud, usu. ひ or ひい)
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numeric
one  (originally from Chinese 'yī')
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most  (archaic)
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2
expression
for one thing ...
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2
Most common form: 一つ
numeric
1. one
noun
2. for one thing  (often used in itemized lists)
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counter for the hito-futa-mi counting system (forming hitotsu, futatsu, mittsu etc.)  (often written with kana only)
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0
conjunction
1. indicates two contrasting actions  (see also: 浮きつ沈みつ, 追いつ追われつ; form: ...つ...つ)
particle
2. indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)  (archaic)
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0
noun
coworker; co-worker; colleague; associate
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Most common form: どう
prefix
the same; the said; ibid.
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particle
1. such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place); and ... and
2. the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; as soon as  (see also: や否や; after the dictionary form of a verb)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. arrow
2. wedge; chock
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Most common form:
noun
spoke  (see also: スポーク)
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0 2
noun, 'no' adjective, adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi), noun (suffix)
1. above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter)
2. top; summit
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noun, prefix
upper; upward; outer; surface; top
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1
noun (suffix)
1. from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of
2. aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above
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1
noun
1. upper reaches (of a river); upper stream  (opposite: )
2. top; upper part; upper half (of the body)
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0
noun
superior; senior
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2
noun, noun (suffix)
1. use; service; role
2. post; position
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1
noun
1. war; campaign; battle
2. unpaid work (ritsuryo system); forced labor  (archaic)
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particle
1. from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since
2. from (originator); by
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particle
1. indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)  (was written as 歟, used at sentence-end)
2. or; whether or not  (after each alternative)
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0
Most common form:
noun
mosquito
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
passable; acceptable; tolerable; fair
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1
Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. lesson
2. section (in an organization); division; department
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2
emptiness; vacuum; blank
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. addition; increase
2. Canada  (see also: 加奈陀; abbreviation)
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2
Most common form:
noun
shell; husk; hull; pod; chaff
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Most common form:
noun, noun (suffix)
1. department; section; faculty; school; arm
2. course (of study); branch of study; specialization
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Most common form:
noun
rack; mount; stand
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0 3
1. cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing  (opposite: 熱い)
2. coldhearted; unfeeling
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1. cold; cool  (obscure term)
noun
2. cold sake  (see also: 冷酒; abbreviation; obscure term)
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1
noun
1. cold water  (see also: 冷や水; abbreviation)
2. cold sake  (see also: 冷や酒; abbreviation)
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auxiliary adjective
1. want to ... do something; would like to ...  (after the -masu stem of a verb)
particle
2. indicates emphasis  (at sentence-end; regional dialect: Kyuushuu-ben)
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1
noun
ill will; malice; another intention; secret purpose; ulterior motive; fickleness; double-mindedness
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noun
1. sea bream (Sparidae); porgy  (often written with kana only)
2. tai (species of reddish-brown Pacific sea bream, Pagrus major)
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1
noun, noun (suffix)
1. condition; figure; appearance
2. voice  (see also: ボイス; linguistics terminology)
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1
Most common form:
noun, conjunction
1. opposite; opposition
2. versus; vs.; v.
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3
Most common form:
noun (suffix)
band (e.g. conduction, valence); belt (e.g. Van-Allen, asteroid, etc.)
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0
reaction; response
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1
prefix
1. anti-
noun
2. antithesis  (see also: 反定立)
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1
Most common form:
noun
1. variable measure of fabric (28.8 cm in width); for kimonos: at least 10 m in length; for haori: at least 7.27 m in length; for other clothes: at least 6.06 m in length
2. 300 tsubo (991.74 meters square, 0.24506 acres)
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noun
1. agreement; affirmative
interjection (kandoushi)
2. aye; yes; OK; okay; yeah; all right
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1
noun, conjunction
1. opposite; opposition
2. versus; vs.; v.
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3
suru verb - special class
1. to face (each other); to be facing
2. to be directed toward (the future, etc.); to be in response to; to be related to
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'su' godan verb, intransitive verb
to form a pair; to correspond  (archaic)
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1
'su' godan verb, intransitive verb
1. to face (each other); to be facing  (see also: 対する)
2. to be directed toward (the future, etc.); to be in response to; to be related to
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0
Most common form: つい
noun
1. pair; couple; set
2. antithesis  (see also: 対句)
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1. to do  (often written with kana only)
2. to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)  (often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 15 meanings and 1 form, examples and links)
Most common form: っす
auxiliary
be; is  (see also: です; semi-polite copula; abbreviation)
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'ru' godan verb, transitive verb
to pick someone's pocket  (see also: 掏摸; often written with kana only)
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1
Most common form:
noun
vinegar
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1 0
Most common form:
noun
1. nest; rookery; breeding place; hive
2. den
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Most common form: 擦る
'ru' godan verb, transitive verb
1. to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass)
2. to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.)
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1
Most common form: 刷る
'ru' godan verb, transitive verb
1. to print
2. to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold
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1
Most common form:
1. plain; unadorned; undecorated; unadulterated; au naturel
prefix
2. mere; poor  (before a noun; derogatory)
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3
noun
fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness
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interjection (kandoushi)
frightening; terrifying  (see also: 怖い; often written with kana only)
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to be in danger of; to be liable to
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1
Most common form: 可祝
expression
yours sincerely (used to sign off on letters); respectfully yours  (often written with kana only; female term or language)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 3 forms, examples and links)
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