By default the Component Builder shows the most common Joyo kanji components (ie, components which are themselves Joyo kanji, or which are used in at least 3 other Joyo kanji). Select an alternative set of components below.
For details of all components and their English names, see the Component collections.
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Telling the time in Japanese is quite straightforward and regular.
Hours
To specify the hour, append the counter
じ
時
to the number. You can use the following search syntax to find the hours in the dictionary: counter:時.
一時
いちじ
one o'clock
二時
にじ
two o'clock
三時
さんじ
three o'clock
四時
よじ
four o'clock
五時
ごじ
five o'clock
六時
ろくじ
six o'clock
七時
しちじ (ななじ is also OK)
seven o'clock
八時
はちじ
eight o'clock
九時
くじ
nine o'clock
十時
じゅうじ
ten o'clock
十一時
じゅういちじ
eleven o'clock
十二時
じゅうにじ
twelve o'clock
Note: to specify the number of hours, we add
かん
間
meaning 'interval' after the hour. For example:
三時間
さんじかん
(for) three hours
Minutes
For minutes, we just add the counter 分 (read as ふん or ぷん following つ or ん). You can use the following search syntax to find the hours in the dictionary: counter:分.
一分
いっぷん
one minute
二分
にふん
two minutes
三分
さんぷん
three minutes
四分
よんぷん
four minutes
五分
ごふん
five minutes
六分
ろっぷん
six minutes
七分
ななふん
seven minutes
八分
はっぷん
eight minutes
九分
きゅうふん
nine minutes
十分
じっぷん
ten minutes
十一分
じゅういっぷん
eleven minutes
Note that 十分 is officially read じっぷん. However, じゅっぷん is commonly encountered, and in most situations (except possibly exams!) would not be considered wrong.
Quarter past, half past, quarter to
(hour) + 半
はん
half past
(hour) + １５分
じゅうごふん
15 minutes past (can be used as the equivalent of 'quarter past' the hour specified)
(hour) + ４５分
よんじゅうごふん
45 minutes past (can be used as the equivalent of 'quarter to (the hour after the one specified)')
(hour) + １５分前
じゅうごふんまえ
15 minutes before (can be used as the equivalent of 'quarter to (the hour)', emphasizing the fact that it is not yet the hour specified)
Note that in Japanese, 'half past' is simply 'half'.
In the same way, there is no direct expression for 'quarter past', but rather the Japanese for '15 minutes' is used. In other words, in Japanese, there is nothing 'special' about 15 minutes past compared to say 14 minutes past, and there is no word for 'past'. So for example 'quarter past four' would simply be
よじ
４時
じゅうごふん
15分
(four hours fifteen minutes).
There is no expression for 'quarter to' - the expression translates to '15 minutes before'. Typically, rather than counting backwards from the later hour, in Japanese you would count forwards from the preceding hour.
For example:
3時半
さんじはん
half past three
４時15分
よじじゅうごふん
four fifteen = quarter past four
６時45分
ろくじよんじゅうごふん
six forty five
7時15分前
しちじじゅうごふんまえ
quarter to seven = six forty five
Times of day
朝に
あさに
in the morning
午後に
ごごに
in the afternoon
夜に
よるに
in the evening
正午
しょうご
midday
'In the morning' is typically expressed using 朝に. However, it is also common to say
ごぜんちゅう
午前中
に, which means 'during the morning'. The term
ごぜん
午前
に is not incorrect, but less common.
'Midnight' does not have a direct equivalent in Japanese. The term
やはん
夜半
is commonly used to mean 'a time somewhere between around 11pm and 1am'. Also commonly used is
まよなか
真夜中
, which means literally 'the middle of the night', rather than midnight as it is understood in English. To refer specifically to 12 o'clock,
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The Kanshudo usefulness level shows you how useful a grammar point is for you to learn.
Grammar point has a Kanshudo usefulness level of
.
You can view a summary of your mastery of grammar points at different usefulness (or JLPT) levels
here.
Grammar points in our system are rated from 1 to 6, where 1 is the most useful.
A usefulness level of 1 roughly corresponds to the first level of the JLPT, level 5 - i.e., you would be expected to know this grammar if your Japanese was at JLPT 5 level. A usefulness level of 5 roughly corresponds to JLPT 1 (the highest JLPT level).
Some grammar points also have a JLPT badge, indicating they appear in standard lists of required JLPT grammar. Some useful grammar points do not have a JLPT badge. These means that you would generally be expected to know the grammar if your Japanese was at that level, but the grammar point does not appear in standardized lists (which are not necessarily comprehensive).
Kanshudo is your AI Japanese tutor, and your constant companion on the road to mastery of the Japanese language.
To get started learning Japanese, just follow the study recommendations on your Dashboard.
You can use Quick search (accessible using the icon at the top of every page) to look up any Japanese word, kanji or grammar point, as well as to find anything on Kanshudo quickly.
For an overview, take the tour.
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Kanshudo tracks your mastery (knowledge) of every kanji, word and grammar point in Japanese individually. In item searches (Kanji search, Word search and Grammar search), you will see a small circle with a number from 0 - 4 next to each item, where zero means 'no mastery' and 4 means 'absolute mastery'. A summary of your mastery data is displayed in your Kanji, Word and Grammar mastery wheels.
The Kanshudo kanji usefulness rating shows you how useful a kanji is for you to learn.
has a Kanshudo usefulness of , which means it is among the most useful kanji in Japanese.
is one of the 138 kana characters, denoted with a usefulness rating of K. The kana are the most useful characters in Japanese, and we recommend you thoroughly learn all kana before progressing to kanji.
All kanji in our system are rated from 1-8, where 1 is the most useful.
The 2136 Jōyō kanji have usefulness levels from 1 to 5, and are denoted with badges like this:
The 138 kana are rated with usefulness K, and have a badge like this:
The Kanshudo usefulness level shows you how useful a Japanese word is for you to learn.
has a Kanshudo usefulness level of , which means it is among the
most useful words in Japanese.
All words in our system
are rated from 1-12, where 1 is the most useful.
Words with a usefulness level of 9 or better are amongst the most useful 50,000 words in Japanese, and
have a colored badge in search results, eg:
Many useful words have multiple forms, and less common
forms have a badge that looks like this:
The JLPT (Japanese Language Proficiency Test, 日本語能力試験) is the standard test of Japanese language ability for non-Japanese.
would first come up in level
N.
Kanshudo displays a badge indicating which level of the JLPT words, kanji and grammar points might first be used in:
indicates N5 (the first and easiest level)
indicates N1 (the highest and most difficult)
You can use Kanshudo to study for the JLPT. Kanshudo usefulness levels for kanji, words and grammar points map directly to JLPT levels, so your mastery level on Kanshudo is a direct indicator of your readiness for the JLPT exams.
Kanshudo usefulness counts up from 1, whereas the JLPT counts down from 5 - so the first JLPT level, N5, is equivalent to Kanshudo usefulness level .
The JLPT vocabulary lists were compiled by Wikipedia and Tanos from past papers. Sometimes the form listed by the sources is not the most useful form. In case of doubt, we advise you to learn the Kanshudo recommended form. Words that appear in the JLPT lists in a different form are indicated with a lighter colored 'shadow' badge, like this: .
Each Joy o' Kanji essay provides unparalleled depth and insight into a single kanji, and is available as a beautifully presented PDF.
The essays are available as an optional part of a Kanshudo Pro subscription, or can be purchased separately. Once purchased, you can download an essay immediately and any number of times in the future.
The pitch accent markings show you how to pronounce a word. A line underneath a kana symbol indicates low pitch, and a line above indicates high pitch. A vertical line at the end indicates the pitch of the next sound in a sentence using the word is different to the last sound of the word. The number(s) to the right of the markings show how this pitch is represented in a Japanese dictionary.
For more information, see our comprehensive guide:
Wherever you see the green star,
you can tag any kanji, word or grammar point for future reference in your
Favorites list, which is accessible from the main menu.
You can automatically create flashcards from your Favorites,
or use Quick Study to study them any time.
Wherever you see the flashcard icon,
you can automatically create a new flashcard or view flashcard status.
Flashcards can be created for any kanji, word, grammar point or example sentence on Kanshudo.
