Components

Grammar detail: particle の

particle の  noun replacement / nominalization
114 words
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の - Noun Replacement
The particle の can replace a noun when it is already clear from context, like saying “one” in English. When の follows an adjective its equivalent meaning will usually be "one". In the following sentences の follows
い and
あたら
しい, indicating "the red one" and "a new one".
あか
いいです
The red one is good.
わたし
かばん
ふる
すぎる
あたら
しい
わねばならない

My bag is too old. I must buy a new one.
の - Nominalization
の can be used to turn a verb phrase into the grammatical equivalent of a noun. This process is called 'nominalization'.
In this first sentence, の turns the verb 'talk' into 'talking', which in this context functions as a noun.
ゆうじん
友人
はな
たの
しかった

He took delight in talking with friends.
In this next sentence 'swim' becomes 'swimming'.
かれ
なつ
およ

He likes swimming in summer.
Below の turns
く (leave) into 'leaving'.
かのじょ
彼女
へや
部屋
から

I saw her leaving the room.
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Kanji used in this grammar

セキ   シャク   あか    あか red   あからむ to turn red   あからめる to blush   
シン   あたらしい    あら    にい- new   
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シュツ   スイ   だ to take out, to put out   で to go out, to exit   
コウ   ギョウ   アン   ゆ    い to go   おこな to take place   
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シ   わたくし    わたし I, myself   
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コ   ふる old   -ふる to grow old   
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バイ   か to buy   
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ユウ   とも friend   
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ジン   ニン   ひと person   
ワ   はな to talk   はなし talking   
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ガク   ラク    music   たのしい happy, pleasant   たのしむ to be happy   
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ヒ   かれ he   
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カ   ゲ   なつ summer   
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エイ   およ swim   
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コウ   この    す to like   
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ジョ   ニョ   ニョウ   woman; female   おんな woman   め woman   
ブ   part
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オク   や roof   
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ケン   み to see   みえる to be seen; to appear   みせる to show   
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