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111 partial word matches found in search 'こうした複雑な状況が生じるのは、周囲の環境それ自体から得られる信号が不十分なものとなりうるからである。'
1. in this way (used for something or someone close to the speaker, including the speaker himself, or for the opinions of the speaker); thus; such  (see also: 然う, ああ, 如何; often written with kana only)
interjection (kandoushi)
2. uh... (interjection used as a verbal pause)  (often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う 1
manuscript; version; draft
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う 1
noun, noun (suffix)
marquis; lord; daimyo
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う 1
noun
efficacy; benefit; efficiency; effect; result; success
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し た 0
such  (often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
こ
Most common form: 子
noun, noun (suffix)
1. child
2. young (animal)  (see also: 仔)
(click the word to view an additional 7 meanings and 3 forms, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 講師
noun
lecturer
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ
こ 1
Most common form: 個
counter
1. counter for articles
2. counter for military units  (usu. 個)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 3 forms, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 行使
use; exercise (of one's right, authority, power, etc.)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 公司
noun
company; firm (in China)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
こ う 1
Most common form: 甲
noun
1. carapace; shell
2. 1st in rank; grade A
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings and 1 form, useful expressions, examples and links)
こ
Most common form: っこ
suffix
1. doing; in such a state  (see also: 慣れっこ, ぺちゃんこ; abbreviation)
2. doing together; contest; match  (see also: 睨めっこ)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 公子
noun
young nobleman
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 0
Most common form: 格子
noun
lattice; latticework; window bars; grid; grating
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 公使
noun
envoy; diplomat below the rank of ambassador (e.g. deputy chief of mission, charge d'affaires); minister (of legation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 1
Most common form: 公私
public and private; official and personal; government and people
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 0
Most common form: 子牛
noun
calf; small cow
(click the word to view an additional 4 forms, examples and links)
こ
こ 1
Most common form: 弧
noun
arc
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
こ う し 0
Most common form: 孔子
noun
Confucius
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
う
auxiliary verb
1. indicates speculation  (after the imperfective form of certain verbs and adjectives)
2. indicates will
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
noun
second sign of Chinese zodiac (The Ox, 1am-3am, north-northeast, December)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
う し 1
Most common form: 牛
noun
1. cattle (Bos taurus); cow; bull; ox; calf
2. beef  (see also: 牛肉; usu. ぎゅう)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 2 forms, examples and links)
う
Most common form: ウ
noun
cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae spp.)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
し
particle, conjunction
(at the end of a phrase) notes one (of several) reasons
(click the word for examples and links)
し
し 1
Most common form: 四
numeric
four  (肆 is used in legal documents)
(click the word to view an additional 4 forms, examples and links)
し た 1
Most common form: 舌
noun
1. tongue
2. tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し た 0
Most common form: 下
noun
1. below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter)
2. bottom
(click the word to view an additional 5 meanings and 1 form, examples and links)
し
し 1
Most common form: 死
noun, noun (suffix)
1. death; decease
2. death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation)  (see also: 五刑; archaic)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
し
し 0
Most common form: 詩
noun
poem; verse of poetry
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し
し 1
Most common form: 市
noun, noun (suffix)
city
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し
し 1
Most common form: 史
noun (suffix), noun
history
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し
Most common form: 誌
noun (suffix), counter
magazine  (see also: 雑誌; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し
し 1
Most common form: 仕
noun
official; civil service
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
た
auxiliary verb
1. indicate past completed or action  (see also: だ; だ after certain verb forms)
2. indicates light imperative  (see also: だ)
(click the word for examples and links)
た
た 1
Most common form: 他
adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi), noun, 'no' adjective
other (esp. people and abstract matters)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
た
た 1
Most common form: 多
noun, prefix
multi-
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
ふ く ざ つ 0
complex; complicated; mixed (feelings)  (see also: ややこしい)
(click the word for examples and links)
ふ く 2 ふ く 0
Most common form: ふく
noun, prefix
1. diplo-; double
noun
2. doubles (tennis, etc.)  (see also: 複試合; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
ざ つ 0
1. rough; crude; sloppy; messy
noun (prefix), 'no' adjective, noun
2. miscellaneous
(click the word for examples and links)
ぞ う 1
noun
miscellany (classification of Japanese poetry unrelated to the seasons or to love)
(click the word for examples and links)
な
particle
1. (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates emotion or emphasis
2. (used with masu stem verb) command  (from なさい; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 3 forms, examples and links)
な
な 0
Most common form: 名
noun
1. name; given name
2. title
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings and 1 form, examples and links)
な
な 1
Most common form: 菜
noun
1. greens; vegetables
2. rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
じ ょ う き ょ う 0
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
じ ょ う 1 じ ょ う 0
noun, noun (suffix)
1. shape; state  (see also: 帯状)
2. letter; correspondence  (see also: 招待状)
(click the word for examples and links)
さ ま 2
Most common form: 方
suffix
1. Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.  (after a person's name (or position, etc.); honorific)
2. makes words more polite (usu. in fixed expressions)  (see also: お粗末さまでした; usu. after a noun or na-adjective prefixed with お- or ご-; polite (teineigo) language)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 3 forms, examples and links)
が
particle
1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
が
noun
moth
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
し ょ う じ る 0 し ょ う じ る 3
ichidan verb, transitive verb
1. to produce; to yield; to cause  (see also: 生ずる)
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
2. to result from; to arise; to be generated  (see also: 生ずる)
(click the word for examples and links)
'no' adjective, 'na' adjective, noun, noun (prefix)
1. raw; uncooked; fresh
2. natural; as it is; unedited; unprocessed
(click the word to view an additional 9 meanings, examples and links)
noun, noun (suffix)
area of thick growth (of trees, grass, etc.)  (see also: 芝生)
(click the word for examples and links)
noun
boiled and half-dried bonito  (see also: 生り節; often written with kana only; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
せ い 1
noun
1. life; living
noun, noun (suffix)
2. I; me; myself  (male term or language; humble; this meaning is restricted to reading せい)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading, examples and links)
き 1
noun, prefix
pure; undiluted; raw; crude
(click the word for examples and links)
prefix
vital; virile; lively  (archaic)
(click the word for examples and links)
う ぶ 1
Most common form: 初
1. innocent; naive; unsophisticated; inexperienced; green; wet behind the ears  (esp. 初, 初心; often written with kana only)
noun (prefix)
2. birth-  (産, 生)
(click the word to view an additional 3 forms, examples and links)
じ
Most common form: 時
suffix
1. hour; o'clock
2. (specified) time; when ...; during ...  (see also: 緊急時)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
じ
じ 1
Most common form: 字
noun
1. character (i.e. kanji)
2. hand-writing; penmanship
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
じ
Most common form: 痔
noun
hemorrhoids; piles
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
の
particle
1. indicates possessive  (see also: 乃; occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
(click the word to view an additional 4 meanings and 2 forms, examples and links)
の
の 1
Most common form: 野
noun
1. plain; field
2. hidden (structural) member  (this meaning is restricted to reading の)
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings and 2 forms, examples and links)
は
particle
1. topic marker particle  (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
は
は 1
Most common form: 歯
noun
tooth
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, useful expressions, examples and links)
は
は 0
Most common form: 葉
noun
leaf
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
は
は 1
Most common form: 派
noun, noun (suffix)
clique; faction; school
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
は
は 1
Most common form: 刃
noun
1. edge (of a knife or sword)
2. prong (of an electrical plug)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
は
は 1 は 0
Most common form: はあ
interjection (kandoushi)
1. yes; indeed; well
2. ha!
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, examples and links)
し ゅ う い 1
1. surroundings; environs
2. circumference
(click the word for examples and links)
し ゅ う 1
noun
1. Zhou (dynasty of China); Chou
2. perimeter  (geometry term)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
か ん き ょ う 0
environment; circumstance
(click the word for examples and links)
た ま き 1
noun
1. bracelet (made of stringed jewels or bells and worn at the elbow)  (archaic)
2. bracer (for the elbow of an archer)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
か ん 1
noun
1. ring; band; rim
2. ring  (mathematics, chemistry term)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
わ 1
Most common form: 輪
noun
1. ring; circle; loop
2. hoop  (see also: フープ)
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings and 2 forms, useful expressions, examples and links)
さ か い 2
Most common form: 界
noun
1. border; boundary  (usu. さかい)
2. turning point; watershed  (often ...を境に; this meaning is restricted to reading さかい)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading, 3 meanings and 2 forms, examples and links)
1. that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind); it  (see also: 何れ, 此れ, 彼・あれ; often written with kana only)
2. that time; then
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings and 3 forms, examples and links)
interjection (kandoushi)
there! (used to call someone's attention to something)
(click the word for examples and links)
そ れ じ た い 3
noun
in itself; the thing itself; this itself; for its own sake; per se
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
そ
そ 1
Most common form: 祖
noun
ancestor; forefather; progenitor
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
じ た い 1 じ た い 0
noun (suffix), noun
1. itself
noun
2. one's own body; oneself
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning, examples and links)
prefix
1. self-
2. from ...  (see also: 至; this meaning is restricted to reading じ)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 1 meaning, examples and links)
か ら だ 0
Most common form: 身体
1. body  (see also: 身体; からだ is a gikun reading of 身体)
noun
2. torso; trunk
(click the word to view an additional 3 meanings and 4 forms, examples and links)
た い 1
noun, noun (suffix)
1. body; physique; posture
2. shape; form; style
(click the word to view an additional 4 meanings, examples and links)
て い 1
noun
appearance; air; condition; state; form
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
particle
1. from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since
2. from (originator); by
(click the word to view an additional 4 meanings, examples and links)
か
particle
1. indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)  (was written as 歟, used at sentence-end)
2. or; whether or not  (after each alternative)
(click the word to view an additional 5 meanings, examples and links)
か
か 0
Most common form: 蚊
noun
mosquito
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
か
か 1
Most common form: 可
noun, noun (suffix)
passable; acceptable; tolerable; fair
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
か
か 1
Most common form: 課
noun, noun (suffix)
1. lesson
2. section (in an organization); division; department
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
か ら 2
emptiness; vacuum; blank
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
か
か 1
Most common form: 加
noun
1. addition; increase
2. Canada  (see also: 加奈陀; abbreviation)
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
か ら 2
Most common form: 殻
noun
shell; husk; hull; pod; chaff
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
か
Most common form: 科
noun, noun (suffix)
1. department; section; faculty; school; arm
2. course (of study); branch of study; specialization
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
か
Most common form: 架
noun
rack; mount; stand
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
ら
Most common form: 等
suffix
1. and others; and the like; and followers; et al.; pluralizing suffix  (often written with kana only)
2. or so  (see also: あちら, いくら; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 1 form, examples and links)
と く 0
1. profit; advantage; benefit; gain  (also written as 徳)
2. rebirth in paradise, entering nirvana  (Buddhist term)
(click the word for examples and links)
Nidan verb with 'u' ending (archaic), transitive verb
1. to get; to acquire; to obtain; to procure; to earn; to win; to gain; to secure; to attain  (see also: 得る)
2. to be possible  (as 〜することを得, etc.)
(click the word for examples and links)
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
1. indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive")  (see also: 未然形, 迷惑の受身; れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段. Follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs)
2. indicates the potential form  (see also: ら抜き言葉; no imperative form. Infrequently used in modern Japanese, e.g. 歩ける is favoured over 歩かれる)
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, examples and links)
Most common form: られる
(same as above)
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, examples and links)
し ん ご う 0
1. signal; signalling; signaling
noun
2. traffic light; traffic signal
(click the word for examples and links)
し ん 1
adverb, noun
1. honesty; fidelity
2. trust; reliance
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, examples and links)
ご う 1
noun, noun (suffix)
1. number; edition; make; model; issue; part of that group
2. sobriquet; pen-name
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
ふ じ ゅ う ぶ ん 2
Most common form: ふじゅうぶん
insufficient; inadequate; imperfect; shortage
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
prefix
un-; non-; negative prefix
(click the word for examples and links)
prefix
1. un-; non-
2. bad ...; poor ...
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
じ ゅ う ぶ ん 3
1. plenty; enough; sufficient; satisfactory; adequate
2. division into ten  (this meaning is restricted to form 十分)
(click the word to view an additional 1 meaning and 2 forms, examples and links)
じ ゅ う 1
numeric
ten  (拾 is used in legal documents)
(click the word to view an additional 2 readings and 5 forms, examples and links)
noun
10 minutes
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 2 forms, examples and links)
numeric
ten  (originally from Chinese 'shí')
(click the word for examples and links)
ふ ん 1
noun
1. minute
2. fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading, examples and links)
ぶ ん 1
noun, noun (suffix), prefix
1. part; segment; share; ration  (see also: 分の)
2. rate
(click the word to view an additional 2 meanings, useful expressions, examples and links)
numeric
1. one-tenth; one percent (one-tenth of a wari); 3 mm (one-tenth of a sun); 2.4 mm (one-tenth of a mon, a traditional unit used to measure shoe sizes); 0.1 degree (one-tenth of a do, used to measure body temperature on any temperature scale)
noun
2. one-quarter of a ryou (obsolete unit of currency)
(click the word to view an additional 3 meanings, examples and links)
28 words found matching 'こうした複雑な状況が生じるのは、周囲の環境それ自体から得られる信号が不十分なものとなりうるからである。' when conjugated
こ う し た 0
Most common form: こうした
such  (often written with kana only)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
こ う し た 0
Most common form: こうした
(same as above)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
こ う す る 0
to (do) like this  (see also: 為る)
(click the word for examples and links)
suru verb - special class
to invade  (archaic)
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う す る 3
suru verb - special class, intransitive verb
to resist; to defy
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う す る 3
suru verb - special class, intransitive verb
to voyage  (archaic)
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 0
noun
lattice; latticework; window bars; grid; grating
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
heir; successor
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
photon
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
envoy; diplomat below the rank of ambassador (e.g. deputy chief of mission, charge d'affaires); minister (of legation)
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
company; firm (in China)
(click the word to view an additional 2 forms, examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
young nobleman
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
public and private; official and personal; government and people
(click the word for examples and links)
noun
national examinations
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 0
edict; public announcement
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading, examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
kind intention; kind thought
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
pearly white teeth
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
Crown Prince; Imperial Heir
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
1. arrow to which is attached a turnip-shaped whistle made of hollowed-out wood or deer horn; whistling arrow used to signal the start of battle  (see also: 鏑矢)
2. the start of things
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
harbour city (harbor)
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
hindwing
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
higher normal school; pre-war public school that trained male teachers  (see also: 高等師範学校; abbreviation)
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 1
noun
test; exam
(click the word for examples and links)
こ う し 0
noun
calf; small cow
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 4 forms, examples and links)
こ う し 0
Most common form: 子牛
(same as above)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 4 forms, examples and links)
こ う し 0
Most common form: 子牛
(same as above)
(click the word to view an additional 1 reading and 4 forms, examples and links)
director (highest of the four administrative positions of the ritsuryo system); chief  (see also: 四等官; archaic)
(click the word to view an additional 2 readings, examples and links)
こ う 1
Godan verb with `u' ending (special class), transitive verb
to beg; to ask; to request; to invite
(click the word to view an additional 1 form, examples and links)
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Kanshudo is your AI Japanese tutor, and your constant companion on the road to mastery of the Japanese language. To get started learning Japanese, just follow the study recommendations on your Dashboard. You can use Quick search (accessible using the icon at the top of every page) to look up any Japanese word, kanji or grammar point, as well as to find anything on Kanshudo quickly. For an overview, take the tour.
Search results include information from a variety of sources, including Kanshudo (kanji mnemonics, kanji readings, kanji components, vocab and name frequency data, grammar points, examples), JMdict (vocabulary), Tatoeba (examples), Enamdict (names), KanjiVG (kanji animations and stroke order), and Joy o' Kanji (kanji and radical synopses). Translations provided by Google's Neural Machine Translation engine. For more information see credits.
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